What is the primary purpose of aeration in sewage treatment?

The primary purpose of aeration in sewage treatment is to supply oxygen for microorganisms. In the treatment process, microorganisms play a crucial role in breaking down organic matter present in the sewage. Aeration introduces air into the treatment system, which ensures that these microorganisms have the oxygen they need to thrive and effectively decompose organic pollutants. This biological process is essential for the stabilization and reduction of waste, improving the overall quality of the effluent before it is released back into the environment.

Without adequate aeration, the microorganisms would not be able to carry out their metabolic functions efficiently, which could lead to incomplete treatment of the sewage and potentially allow harmful constituents to pass into the final effluent. Therefore, providing oxygen through aeration is vital to achieving successful treatment outcomes and maintaining environmental standards.